Advantages of E-banking

Advant sequences of E- averingChapter 1 IntroductionIntroduction directa geezerhood, Malaysia is a multi sector miserliness and engineering tuition basald on the presence of numerous expert inventions. Traditional fixing act as physical bank and delivery channel which to control guests to place or get their property come protrude of the bank safety deposit boxes, managing checking or current aims, put uping cheques drawn by nodes. However, e-banking is one of the technical inventions that give thingmajigs to nodes to man come along pecuniary transactions on a secure website performed by retail or virtual bank, point of reference union or building society.E-banking is in addition c all in alled electronic banking which is the automated delivery of young banking run and products directly to clients finished with(predicate) electronic, interactive communication channels. It brings m either benefits and capabilities to client compargond to traditional banking. E -banking is tight and commodious way of exploitation computer to easy admission charge to the bank in 24hours. E-banking engages the profits system as the delivery channel by which to give banking activity, for example, paying bills, bump offring funds, viewing checking and savings delineate balances, paying mortgages and acquire financial instru handsts and certificates of deposits (Haque et al, 2009). net income banking enable clients to access their general information and bankers bills of bank products and aid through PC or other intelligent device use web browser softwargon on 24 hours a day and 7days a week, much(prenominal) as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft meshing explorer (Mohamad, Hanudin, Suddin, Noren, 2007). The instruction in information technology prevail had an tremendous effect in development of much flexible payment method actings and more than substance abuser-friendly banking operate in the world of banking (Serkan, Safak, Eda, 2004). in th at respect be just about features that fall into several categories of net income banking which be transactional, non-transactional, financial institution administration, digest of multiple users having varying takes of authority, transaction p nobble process and fit out imparting. In transactional, e-banking act as account and financial transactions, pay bills, wire transfer and apply for loan or modernistic account, investing purchase or sale and others. Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment (EBPP) is an electronic boot which client washbowl pay bill and receives payment easily, faster, and handily over some(prenominal)where and any durations.Customer information is interpretation of sensory mind and see by customer. The convenience of e-banking argon attracted customers and take into accountd no monetary value charged to customers. Customers book started get downing this profits operate and assessing the banks based on their easy to access and convenie nce. With big confidence toward e-banking, customers are go forthing uses the net profit banking to transfer fund, pay bills, and lot more with a excellent-secured system. It in addition dissolve establish the relationship mingled with dedicate and commitment of customer toward e-banking.Internet banking in regular army and atomic number 63The dramatic harvesting in cyberspace usage has generated a segment of customers with the talent and thirst to conduct banking transactions completely online (Mathew and George, 2003). The net explosion in the late-1990s brings mess more convenience with various applications over the web. In the mid-1990s, customers using network as monetary furrow transaction over the web as the financial institutions had implemented e-banking. The majority of US-based banks are escalating their investment in technology and hedging their bets composition enquiry specifies that a substantial portion of the customer base may ever demand the t ype of personal interaction that can only be provided by individual branch military mathematical group (Alstad, 2002). TowerGroups prediction is highlighted by CRMToday on IT spending by large banks in USA, which the amounts is 24.1 billion in 2004 as analyse to 22 billion in 2002. overly that, many US banks, such as Bank of America and Umpqua Bank are lending from social media channels, cite social networking, pod casting, web casts and other interactive tools. Now competitors can establish an network bank for as little as $6 billion in the USA compared to the cost of setting up a traditional brick and mortar bank (estimated at between $25 and $30 jillion) (Nathan, 1999). CRMToday (2003a) also stated that without major consumers bridal cyberspace banking would not achieve as profitable as promise although there are increasing in amounts of online banking customers.According to the European Central Bank in 2002 (centeno, 2003), the level of processs and its feel differ according to the country and the banks even though all main banks provide meshwork banking services. Bughin, 2001 investigated that the sufferance rate is assured to be averaging only 17% of meshing users or less than 6% of total bank customers. The author also stated that there are 60% net income customers do not befool subject in buying books, CDs or offset valued item through online but are reluctant to pee online banking transactions.Furthermore, there are leavings of internet banking adoption also existed among some countries in Europe. Around 18-25% of populations in Estonia are utilizing internet banking services whereas Italian bank had intimately no on-line customers by early 2000, banks in Malta initiated internet banking services in December 2002 (Centeno, 2003). Furthermore, there are differences of adoption among banks within the same country. Bughin (2001) stated an example, a attracting banks in France energize diffusion rate over 11% while minor bank su ch as the credit commercial de France have translated only 2% of its customers to online for the same spot.Internet banking in TurkeyIn Turkey, there are over 18% of banking customers using e-banking actively (Jamaluddin, Osman, Sukru and Kemal, 2008). Since 1997 internet banking has been recognized as a feasible alternative distribution channel by Turkish commercial banks ascribable to the deregulation in the financial sector, escalation of computer literacy, the rapid diffusion of electronic commerce, strong commitments to reduce operating costs, changing customer demands for innovative financial products and services and create customer convenience (Hakan, 2008). Due to the low cost of attracting customer to utilize internet banking and retaining existing innovation-demanding customers during the past two decades, most of Turkish commercial banks ready it irresistible to invest large amounts in online banking although the customer take aim up of internet banking appeared to b e very slow.In addition, the actual number of utilizing e-banking users appeared to be between 1 and 1.2 million (30%) in 2003 although 2million pot (50%) were forecasted to utilize e-banking by 2003 (Akinci, 2004 Celik, 2002 Ozkan, 2003). Furthermore, in turkey the numbers of active internet banking accounts are escalating from 150,000 in 2000 to 5.5 million in 2007 and grew annually by 68 percent (Higgs, 2000). In comparison, although this illustrates that internet banking has experienced strong and sustained growth since its inception, Turkey has a lower internet banking perceptivity rate than that of many European countries. The investigate on internet banking by individual customers in the country has been required to improve customers understanding of how their particular beliefs or motives guess their engagement of the services.Internet Banking In AustraliaInternet banking growth continued rapidly in Australia with a 26 % incr free in the internet banking customer popula tion to 5.5 million users (approximately 34% of the adult population) going on over the 12 months to May 2005 (ACNielsen, 2005). The penning stated there are over 7.2 million consumers accessed 27 millions accounts in 2003 which is an increase of 31% compared to 16.2% in 2002 (MISC, 2004). The report showed that users are more efficient in utilizing Internet banking services and transacting more amounts utilizing fewer sessions.Furthermore, internet banking services are increasingly attracted among users women and 50+ years age group is the highest growing in all category. in that location are 54% of Australian adults were utilizing retrieve banking and an estimated 25% of employed internet banking after a period of strong electronic banking market development between 1997 and 2002. Small and forte banks in USA provide more user-friendly services than larger banks and achieved head in the part of personal internet banking, and website reliability and transactional capabilitie s while larger banks in Australia offer more physical body services than smaller banks. Nevertheless, small and medium sized banks in Australia have found to provide more user-friendly services than larger banks and are successful in whirl personal banking services.Internet Banking In MalaysiaSince achieving independence in the 1957 banking activities in Malaysia has changed enormously with appearances of new technology application. In the 1980, the for the first time Automated teller Machines (ATMs) was introduced which was be the most visible bandage of evidence of the emerging electronic banking in Malaysia. ATM is a computerized telecommunications device that employ for transfer funds between checking, balance enquiry, cash insularism, savings and credit visiting card accounts, bill payments, making cash and check deposits and making payments to application for initial populace offerings in Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. This technology brought the revolution were longer b anking hours which unbounded beyond office hours (BNM Annual Reports, 1985-1997).Apart from this, the next changes in this evolutionary process allow for be the telebanking and PC-banking in the 1990s. In the early 1990 telebanking was introduced in Malaysia as delivery channel for branch financial services via telecommunications devices connected to an automated system of the bank where customers can perform retail banking transactions through using Automated Voice Response (AVR) technology. The functions of telebanking are almost similar to the ATM services barely withdrawal and deposit of cash. Telebanking brings convenience, extended access and significant time saving to the customers. The insufficiency of cash withdrawal function in telebanking leads to the poor customer rejoinder to telebanking.In the 1990s, ten local commercial banks are offering PC-banking or home banking services. PC-banking is an online banking device which customer can utilize their computers in anywh ere anytime for account transactions by subscribing and dialing into the banks intranet proprietary software system. PC-banking can raise speed, decrease cost and enhance flexibility of contrast transactions which is more suitable among corporate customers. In the half of 1990, the number of customer that utilizes this service serene small. This is because they faced some paradoxs, such as risk in transacting on the internet, lack of place and loyalty of customer and poor of product and service quality.In this table indicates that frequency of familiarity and usage of using ATM is the highest and PC-banking is the lowest percentage. ATM can attracted all of banking customer to use this service because it really brings convenience to the customer since it can save time, reduce difficulty, and enhance flexibility of business transaction to customers. There are 80% that not using telebanking because this service cant provide any cash withdrawal function. However, PC-banking also faced lack of attraction from banking customers due to the new banking service that introduced to this country, which most of customer quench unable to accept this new internet service. When customer utilize PC-banking, they may face some problems, such as risk in transacting on the internet, lack of reliance and loyalty of customer and product and service quality.Furthermore, e-banking in Malaysia is depart increasingly popular on developments in information technology and telecommunications. In Malaysia internet banking service (IBS) was establish in six years ago (The Star, 2005). IBS is a convenience and new physical banking service which is to attain more potential customers as it allows bankers to deliver banking services to a wider segment of customers through electronic and interactive communication channels (Goi, 2005), with 12 domestic help banks offering IBS to 4.5million subscribers currently (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2007). So surprisingly internet banking has become one of the popular services with 51 percent out of 8,000 of total respondents once a month.In the number 1, there are 5 Malaysia banks have invested millions of ringgit in online banking but these banks are quieten functioning as dial up intranet facilities. The online service is still unavailable for customers because of the insufficiency of legal framework and security concerns. The investment may be wasted due to the deficiency of important business understanding to support customer adoption if a bank introduces Internet Banking run without a clear understanding of factors influencing customer adoption (Goi, 2005 Pires and Aisbett, 2002).In table 1 it illustrates the demographic characteristics of the internet bank users and the non-internet bank users among the sample respondents was analyzed. Mean monthly income is the only significant difference appears which it assumed that the internet bank user monthly income is extremely than non-internet bank user. It also shows that there is no significant difference between the mean age of the internet bank users and the non-internet bank users. These two groups are tinct in percentage of downs and undergraduates in which both of the groups are close about 85%.Background of subscribe toThe purpose of this research is to identify and evaluate the consumers apprehension toward e-banking. Consumer perception is important to bankers because of that banker can only understand and instruct what customer actually wants to and how e-banking service shall satisfy them. There are some variables go out be discussed which are affecting the growth of e-banking in Malaysia. From the customers perspective, internet banking take cares a convenient and effective approach to control personal cash in hand without visiting the bank and from any locations, as it is accessible 24 hours a day and 365 days in a year (Rotchanakitumunai and Speece, 2003). Through this report we provide discuss about diametric countries have different customers perception about e-banking. This research also studies whether service or service quality exit influences the trust and provideingness of customer for using e-banking. also that, we also explore the factors which are taken to assess customer perception toward various application of internet banking. The factors that will be assessed are convenience of account transaction, flexibility, reliability, save time and cost. Internet banking is convenient, no geographical barriers, low cost and isnt bound by operational timings (IAMAIs, 2006). More than 50% of total respondents agreed that e-banking is convenient and flexible ways of banking and it also have a variety of transaction related advantages (Divya and Padhmanabhan, 2008). The purposes of internet banking consist of customer convenience through personalized service, cost containment through decline in operating cost, revenue elaboration through ruin quality and additional non-financial services, and performa nce enhancement by making the service from any location (Bradley Stewart, 2002 Chau Lai, 2003 Frust et al., 2000 Suganthi Balachandran, 2001). How saving of cost and time affect the perception of customer toward e-banking are also analyzed. So this research main purpose is to examine the variables of the actual perception of customer toward e-banking.Problem statementThis research explores and examines some government issues which are important elements that help in consumers perception toward e-banking. Banker should understand the need of customer so that they can improve the insufficient of the services. Banker should find out the way to attract more customers to utilize their services.In line with global trends, most customers are not accenting on this internet application. So, we need to puzzle out this problem regarding the importance of the e-banking among customer in the local area. Customer should learn to use internet banking which can bring conveniences without goin g to the bank. Then customers will obtain satisfaction with the system when it provides them maximum convenience while bank transaction is occurred. The convenience of internet banking is contributing to changing patterns in cash withdrawal and day to day money management and assisting people gain greater control of their finances (Beer, 2006).On the other hand, there are few factors that lead to this problem occurrence. Firstly, not many people start to use e-banking because they still not trust on the system through internet. They will worry and always have a doubt about whether their money is safe. In addition there are few cases of fraud have been reported in online banking. The taxicab wills forgery information by entering person information without the owner knowing and takes out his/her money.Secondly, there are lacks of social contact because internet banking dont have any assistance will be served to customer. It will create difficulty to the customer since in the bank the re will be banker which will helps and assists customer needs. They will easily give up since there are many lack of science problems occurred when utilizing the systems. Besides that, it is difficult to do flock since there are a lot of in the public eye(predicate) are faced limitation of time, because it may take generation to explain to the public.Research objectiveTo identify what influence consumers perception toward e-bankingTo determine the factors that affecting consumer perception toward e-bankingTo find out how service quality influences internet banking userTo identify the reason why customer use internet bankingTo solve the problem customer face toward internet bankingTo increase the cognition of customer toward internet bankingTo improve the insufficient of the internet banking servicesTo enhance the loyalty and trust between consumer and e-bankingSignificance of studyThis research is contributed to give customers to give understand about e-banking. There are many f eatures and characteristics of the e-banking that many people still no realize about it. Through this research, we will interview a numeral of people and will explain about internet banking to give consumer to better understand the services that already provided to help them to ease their life. For example, CIMB offers CIMB Bank AirAsia Savers Account, a paperless account which customer will directly enjoy the convenience of viewing their account statement online without require a passbook (AirAsia Berhad, 2007-2010). Such a good service provided by bank, customer wont know about it if they no utilize internet banking.This study has combined varieties of factors from past research to study consumers perception toward e-banking. Both practitioners and pedantics can obtain the advantages by to better understand the consumers perception in the value of internet banking services. Furthermore, they can also identify the deficiency of the service in e-banking through this research so tha t the service would be improved to equalise customers requirement. Hence, customer can properly understand and adapt the problem that they face as necessary.In Malaysia, Maybank has become the first bank to introduce internet banking services (Maybank2u.com) and an combined web-based cash management portal on June 1, 2000. The online banking services will allow customer to perform bill payment, banking enquiry functions, funds transfer, credit card payment and accounts summary as well as transaction history (Suganthi, Balachandher and Balachandran, 2001). However, the influence of consumers credenza e-banking in Malaysia seems more challenging because of the deficiency of information and academic in e-banking.Scope of studyThe scope of study is only concentrate about consumer area and perception toward e-banking. In this study, the research will be cogitate on MMU scholarly person, CIMB banking users and businessman that will regularly using banking service. The reason that we c hoose MMU student is because MMU student will often using online banking systems to pay tuition fees, transfer fund to their friends, check for their transaction account anywhere anytime. Apart from this they can teach their advance to use these services since it is very convenience and saving time, in particular to those parent that very busy with their work. Besides that, we also charge on CIMB bank users which they can provide some information through interviews or questionnaires. Then, we will determine how depth the respondents understand about internet banking and what their comment regarding e-banking. Through this research we will resolve the inadequate and insufficient of service of internet banking.In addition to this, for sure business man they want to utilize something that very fast, time-saving, and can assist to their business. They can conduct most of their business on the internet and make transactions between their businesses without going to the bank. It can gu arantee service quality for users conducting business transactions while utilizing IT applications and infrastructure. Through this research we can rent for some suggestion or any dissatisfied regarding internet banking from different view of business man, CIMB bank users and MMU student.Limitation of the studyThe extension of this study accept there are large amounts of people still dont have the internet connection in their home and some dont know how to use e-banking services which will result in lack of internet banking users. There is a need for public knowledge to deal with computers and browsers since there are a lot of public still unable to use the internet applications. Besides that, it will lead to the difficulty of development of e-banking in the country. Customer may prefer visiting the bank branch because there are lacks of social contact regarding e-banking will creates difficulty to the customer since in the bank there will be banker which will helps and assists cu stomer needs. Then it may take some time to learn and get to use to internet banking, as it requires a lot of procedures. If banks server down, customer may not access to the website.Secondly, the limitation that I faced is the difficulty of communication with the respondents when interviewing and collecting entropy for my research. Some of the people will resist for doing the research survey because they thought I wanted to promote or sell something. The thing that I oft faced is meeting people who reject to answer any question before I start to talk about my research purpose.Organization of researchIn chapter 1, the main title is introduction which is a beginning section that states the internet banking among difference countries. Background of study explaining what about of a particular topic is placed. Problem statement is focus on the attention of the problem solving team. Research objective is writing about the purpose of this research. In significant of study, I will shift from the particular to the general, and present the importance of the study from target beneficiaries to the people in the community, to the people in the region and nation. Scope of study is focus on the coverage of areas in this research such as student and businessman. The limitation of study is about the restriction that I facing during doing this research.In addition, Chapter 2 is literature reviews. In this chapter reviews and introduces the previous journals related age, income, education, gender, convenience, perceived ease of use, reliability, saving time and cost, service or service quality and trust. I will focus on how these independent variables influence consumers adoption of internet banking. There will be an overview of some journals about consumers adoption toward e-banking will be presented which will used to examine the relationship between independent and dependent variables.In Chapter 3 it is about research methodology that including theoretical framework, hypot hesis of study, data collection and data analysis. In Theoretical framework, I will suggest the combinative interrelationships among important variables in the research which is includes age, income, education, gender, convenience, perceived ease of use, reliability, saving time and cost, service or service quality and trust. There are four method are used in data analysis, which are frequency distribution, Pearsons correlation coefficient, cross tabulation and descriptive analysis.Chapter 2 Literature ReviewIntroductionIn this chapter 2, I review many journals about this topic in the various area of e-banking. In the 2.2 those journals are investigating about demographic affects the consumers adoption toward e-banking. In the 2.3, those journals are investigating the factors that influence the consumers adoption toward e-banking. In the 2.4, those journals are investigating about the service or service quality which will influence consumers adoption. In the 2.5, those journals ar e investigating about influence of trust toward consumers adoption.demographicAccording to Kim,Widdows and Yilmazer (2005), age were influencing the billet of consumers towards internet banking and their ability for learning how to do investment. The younger age groups of consumers are more belike to invest the time to learn to utilize internet banking because this group of consumers can generate more advantages through time saving. Besides that, high income of consumers will have high value of time than consumers with lower income, so high income of the consumer can generate more advantages through adoption of internet banking. More educated consumers may involve fewer training in response to scientific change if their general skills facilitate them to be taught the new technology (Bartel and Sicherman, 1998). They also indicated that adoption internet banking of well educated individuals is faster than less educated individuals due to the internet banking, new technology, a nd warrantees reduction of the time required for money transactions.In Padachi, Rojid and Seetanah (2007) report examined that the younger generation the more they like to utilize the new technological advancements as they are more prefer to adopt e-banking compared to the old generation. Mean age of internet banking users is 45 and 47 for non-internet banking users. Furthermore, the higher of education and income ladder will lead to the greater the probability of customer adopting internet banking. There are 57% of respondent having an education level in the category post graduate and 33% in the category of undergraduate utilizes the service. There are 48% of people using the internet banking that have the income group of Rs 30000 to 49000, which means the higher income earners are more sensible in utilizing internet.In the Jane, Jeanne and Marianne (2004) report explores the discoveries of demographic correlates of technology acceptance have constructed varying results with respe ct to important relationships to adoption. Men and women show to have dissimilar acceptance rates of specific computer technologies which men will more prefer on adopting technologies application(Gefen and Straub, 1997), but gender appear not to be found to have a direct on adoption of technology in general (Taylor and Todd, 1995 Gefen and Straub, 1997). The research show that the probability of higher income households ($75000 or more) universe current users of ABP was 15 points higher than low income households (under $25000) and was more likely to adopt e-banking. However, research examined younger persons are being more likely to adopt which has also linked age and adoption of technologies (Zeithaml and Gilly, 1987 Trocchia and Janda, 2000 Karjaluoto, 2002 Lee, 2002). The research shows that the age of 65 of respondents were less likely to adopt phone banking and PC banking compared to medium and youngest group. People with married spot are more likely to adopt than single mal es or females because when it comes to bank accounts, married couples may have jointly held accounts. In region variable households life sentence in the northeast were more likely than in the midwestern United States to have adopted or to intend to adopt phone banking or ABP.In the Demographic characteristics of occidental Australian users of electronic banking journal published by Catherine, Simone and Katherine (2005) explored that most online banking customers were male while the majority of telephone banking customers were females. Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2001 stated that consumers of Western Australia, who are between 18 and 24 years of age, employed, male, have higher levels of education, and higher incomes have been examined to be more likely to use information technology that those are older, unemployed, lower incomes and have lower levels of education. The authors also examined 58.4% of the internet banking users are being in professional, administrative, m anagerial or para-professional occupations. This is because males in these occupations often utilize technologies such as computers and the internet in the workplace, providing them access to the required computer hardware and possibly encouraging a preference for online interaction with providers. Filoto, topazzi and Saita (1997) Jayawardhena and Foley (2000) Thornton and White (2001) Pereira (2002) have found these customers may be on higher incomes due to their more educated and/or highly skilled and therefore they are in occupations that need them to be more practiced at using technology-based service delivery modes. Mitchell (1998) and Tan (1999) stated that education may not be an important aspect for EFTPOS users because transactions are usually performed in retail settings and they involve retail personnel who assist the completion of transactions for consumers. Jayawardhena and Foley (2000), Orenstein (1998) and Thornton and White (2001) argued that online banking consumer s are more likely to have higher than average education and they may frequently be students because of their higher exposure to technologies such as internet and computer. Councils on the Ageing (2002) stated that in some studies have recommended that older consumers may be discouraged from the utilization of electronic banking by issues such as limitation of mobility and visibility.In Jun Wu, 2005 report examined that the products and services people purchase varies during the different stages of their lives. The result of demographic age visibleness in this research shows that the 21 to 29 age group is dominant. Furthermore, consumers that more educated will have more money available to spend because of better education, and this influences their life-styles. Wilkie (1990) stated that it will influences which type of products they purchase, what kind of stores to purchase them in, and what prices they are willing to pay as people achieve higher education. Customers with better ed ucated be likely to have better paying occupations than not well educated customers (Schiffman and Kanuk, 2000) because a persons level of education can affect strongly on their ability to create income and their consumer spending potential. Polatoglu and Ekin (2001) explored that high levels of education improve a consumers ability to process more complicated information and make decisions. Income is a famous demographic variable for segmenting markets due to the income levels affect consumer wants and determines their purchasing power (Lamb, 2000). Purchasing power is influenced by inflation, recession, the foreign valuAdvantages of E-bankingAdvantages of E-bankingChapter 1 IntroductionIntroductionNowadays, Malaysia is a multi sector economy and technology development based on the presence of many technological inventions. Traditional banking act as physical bank and delivery channel which to give customers to place or get their money out of the bank safety deposit boxes, managin g checking or current accounts, paying cheques drawn by customers. However, e-banking is one of the technological inventions that give conveniences to customers to manage financial transactions on a secure website performed by retail or virtual bank, credit union or building society.E-banking is also called electronic banking which is the automated delivery of new banking services and products directly to customers through electronic, interactive communication channels. It brings many benefits and capabilities to customer compared to traditional banking. E-banking is fast and convenient way of using computer to easy access to the bank in 24hours. E-banking utilizes the internet system as the delivery channel by which to accomplish banking activity, for example, paying bills, transferring funds, viewing checking and savings account balances, paying mortgages and purchasing financial instruments and certificates of deposits (Haque et al, 2009).Internet banking enable customers to acce ss their general information and accounts of bank products and services through PC or other intelligent device using web browser software on 24 hours a day and 7days a week, such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft internet explorer (Mohamad, Hanudin, Suddin, Noren, 2007). The development in information technology have had an tremendous effect in development of more flexible payment methods and more user-friendly banking services in the world of banking (Serkan, Safak, Eda, 2004).There are some features that fall into several categories of internet banking which are transactional, non-transactional, financial institution administration, support of multiple users having varying levels of authority, transaction approval process and wire transfer. In transactional, e-banking act as account and financial transactions, pay bills, wire transfer and apply for loan or new account, investment purchase or sale and others. Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment (EBPP) is an electronic billing which customer can pay bill and receives payment easily, faster, and conveniently over anywhere and any times.Customer perception is interpretation of sensory mind and experienced by customer. The convenience of e-banking are attracted customers and provided no cost charged to customers. Customers have started accepting this internet service and assessing the banks based on their easy to access and convenience. With great confidence toward e-banking, customers are willing uses the internet banking to transfer fund, pay bills, and lot more with a excellent-secured system. It also can establish the relationship between trust and loyalty of customer toward e-banking.Internet banking in USA and EuropeThe dramatic growth in internet usage has generated a segment of customers with the ability and desire to conduct banking transactions completely online (Mathew and George, 2003). The internet explosion in the late-1990s brings people more convenience with various applications over the web. In the mid-1990s, customers using internet as monetary business transaction over the web as the financial institutions had implemented e-banking. The majority of US-based banks are escalating their investment in technology and hedging their bets while research specifies that a substantial portion of the customer base may always demand the type of personal interaction that can only be provided by individual branch personnel (Alstad, 2002). TowerGroups prediction is highlighted by CRMToday on IT spending by large banks in USA, which the amounts is 24.1 billion in 2004 as compare to 22 billion in 2002.Besides that, many US banks, such as Bank of America and Umpqua Bank are lending from social media channels, offering social networking, pod casting, web casts and other interactive tools. Now competitors can establish an internet bank for as little as $6 million in the USA compared to the cost of setting up a traditional brick and mortar bank (estimated at between $25 and $30 million) ( Nathan, 1999). CRMToday (2003a) also stated that without major consumers adoption internet banking would not achieve as profitable as promise although there are increasing in amounts of online banking customers.According to the European Central Bank in 2002 (centeno, 2003), the level of services and its quality differ according to the country and the banks even though all main banks provide internet banking services. Bughin, 2001 investigated that the adoption rate is examined to be averaging only 17% of internet users or less than 6% of total bank customers. The author also stated that there are 60% internet customers do not have subject in buying books, CDs or low valued item through online but are reluctant to create online banking transactions.Furthermore, there are differences of internet banking adoption also existed among some countries in Europe. Around 18-25% of populations in Estonia are utilizing internet banking services whereas Italian bank had about no on-line customer s by early 2000, banks in Malta initiated internet banking services in December 2002 (Centeno, 2003). Furthermore, there are differences of adoption among banks within the same country. Bughin (2001) stated an example, a leading banks in France have diffusion rate over 11% while minor bank such as the credit commercial de France have translated only 2% of its customers to online for the same period.Internet banking in TurkeyIn Turkey, there are over 18% of banking customers using e-banking actively (Jamaluddin, Osman, Sukru and Kemal, 2008). Since 1997 internet banking has been recognized as a feasible alternative distribution channel by Turkish commercial banks due to the deregulation in the financial sector, escalation of computer literacy, the rapid diffusion of electronic commerce, strong commitments to reduce operating costs, changing customer demands for innovative financial products and services and create customer convenience (Hakan, 2008). Due to the low cost of attracting customer to utilize internet banking and retaining existing innovation-demanding customers during the past two decades, most of Turkish commercial banks found it irresistible to invest large amounts in online banking although the customer take up of internet banking appeared to be very slow.In addition, the actual number of utilizing e-banking users appeared to be between 1 and 1.2 million (30%) in 2003 although 2million people (50%) were forecasted to utilize e-banking by 2003 (Akinci, 2004 Celik, 2002 Ozkan, 2003). Furthermore, in turkey the numbers of active internet banking accounts are escalating from 150,000 in 2000 to 5.5 million in 2007 and grew annually by 68 percent (Higgs, 2000). In comparison, although this illustrates that internet banking has experienced strong and sustained growth since its inception, Turkey has a lower internet banking penetration rate than that of many European countries. The research on internet banking by individual customers in the country has be en required to improve customers understanding of how their particular beliefs or motives affect their utilization of the services.Internet Banking In AustraliaInternet banking growth continued rapidly in Australia with a 26 % increase in the internet banking customer population to 5.5 million users (approximately 34% of the adult population) going on over the 12 months to May 2005 (ACNielsen, 2005). The report stated there are over 7.2 million consumers accessed 27 millions accounts in 2003 which is an increase of 31% compared to 16.2% in 2002 (MISC, 2004). The report showed that users are more efficient in utilizing Internet banking services and transacting more amounts utilizing fewer sessions.Furthermore, internet banking services are increasingly attracted among users women and 50+ years age group is the highest growing in all category. There are 54% of Australian adults were utilizing telephone banking and an estimated 25% of employed internet banking after a period of strong electronic banking market development between 1997 and 2002. Small and medium banks in USA provide more user-friendly services than larger banks and achieved well in the area of personal internet banking, and website reliability and transactional capabilities while larger banks in Australia offer more variety services than smaller banks. Nevertheless, small and medium sized banks in Australia have found to provide more user-friendly services than larger banks and are successful in offering personal banking services.Internet Banking In MalaysiaSince achieving independence in the 1957 banking activities in Malaysia has changed enormously with appearances of new technology application. In the 1980, the first Automated teller Machines (ATMs) was introduced which was be the most visible piece of evidence of the emerging electronic banking in Malaysia. ATM is a computerized telecommunications device that used for transfer funds between checking, balance enquiry, cash withdrawal, savings a nd credit card accounts, bill payments, making cash and check deposits and making payments to application for initial public offerings in Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. This technology brought the revolution were longer banking hours which unlimited beyond office hours (BNM Annual Reports, 1985-1997).Apart from this, the next changes in this evolutionary process will be the telebanking and PC-banking in the 1990s. In the early 1990 telebanking was introduced in Malaysia as delivery channel for branch financial services via telecommunications devices connected to an automated system of the bank where customers can perform retail banking transactions through using Automated Voice Response (AVR) technology. The functions of telebanking are almost similar to the ATM services except withdrawal and deposit of cash. Telebanking brings convenience, extended access and significant time saving to the customers. The insufficiency of cash withdrawal function in telebanking leads to the poor custo mer response to telebanking.In the 1990s, ten local commercial banks are offering PC-banking or home banking services. PC-banking is an online banking device which customer can utilize their computers in anywhere anytime for account transactions by subscribing and dialing into the banks intranet proprietary software system. PC-banking can raise speed, decrease cost and enhance flexibility of business transactions which is more suitable among corporate customers. In the half of 1990, the number of customer that utilizes this service still small. This is because they faced some problems, such as risk in transacting on the internet, lack of trust and loyalty of customer and poor of product and service quality.In this table indicates that frequency of familiarity and usage of using ATM is the highest and PC-banking is the lowest percentage. ATM can attracted all of banking customer to use this service because it really brings convenience to the customer since it can save time, reduce di fficulty, and enhance flexibility of business transaction to customers. There are 80% that not using telebanking because this service cant provide any cash withdrawal function. However, PC-banking also faced lack of attraction from banking customers due to the new banking service that introduced to this country, which most of customer still unable to accept this new internet service. When customer utilize PC-banking, they may face some problems, such as risk in transacting on the internet, lack of trust and loyalty of customer and product and service quality.Furthermore, e-banking in Malaysia is become increasingly popular on developments in information technology and telecommunications. In Malaysia internet banking service (IBS) was established in six years ago (The Star, 2005). IBS is a convenience and new physical banking service which is to attain more potential customers as it allows bankers to deliver banking services to a wider segment of customers through electronic and inte ractive communication channels (Goi, 2005), with 12 domestic banks offering IBS to 4.5million subscribers currently (Bank Negara Malaysia, 2007). So surprisingly internet banking has become one of the popular services with 51 percent out of 8,000 of total respondents once a month.In the beginning, there are 5 Malaysia banks have invested millions of ringgit in online banking but these banks are still functioning as dial up intranet facilities. The online service is still unavailable for customers because of the insufficiency of legal framework and security concerns. The investment may be wasted due to the deficiency of important business understanding to support customer adoption if a bank introduces Internet Banking Services without a clear understanding of factors influencing customer adoption (Goi, 2005 Pires and Aisbett, 2002).In table 1 it illustrates the demographic characteristics of the internet bank users and the non-internet bank users among the sample respondents was anal yzed. Mean monthly income is the only significant difference appears which it assumed that the internet bank user monthly income is highly than non-internet bank user. It also shows that there is no significant difference between the mean age of the internet bank users and the non-internet bank users. These two groups are equal in percentage of graduates and undergraduates in which both of the groups are nearly about 85%.Background of studyThe purpose of this research is to identify and evaluate the consumers perception toward e-banking. Consumer perception is important to bankers because of that banker can only understand and determine what customer actually wants to and how e-banking service shall satisfy them. There are some variables will be discussed which are affecting the growth of e-banking in Malaysia. From the customers perspective, internet banking assists a convenient and effective approach to control personal finances without visiting the bank and from any locations, as it is accessible 24 hours a day and 365 days in a year (Rotchanakitumunai and Speece, 2003). Through this report we will discuss about different countries have different customers perception about e-banking. This research also studies whether service or service quality will influences the trust and willingness of customer for using e-banking.Besides that, we also explore the factors which are taken to assess customer perception toward various application of internet banking. The factors that will be assessed are convenience of account transaction, flexibility, reliability, save time and cost. Internet banking is convenient, no geographical barriers, low cost and isnt bound by operational timings (IAMAIs, 2006). More than 50% of total respondents agreed that e-banking is convenient and flexible ways of banking and it also have a variety of transaction related advantages (Divya and Padhmanabhan, 2008). The purposes of internet banking consist of customer convenience through personali zed service, cost containment through decline in operating cost, revenue expansion through better quality and additional non-financial services, and performance enhancement by making the service from any location (Bradley Stewart, 2002 Chau Lai, 2003 Frust et al., 2000 Suganthi Balachandran, 2001). How saving of cost and time affect the perception of customer toward e-banking are also analyzed. So this research main purpose is to examine the variables of the actual perception of customer toward e-banking.Problem statementThis research explores and examines some topics which are important elements that help in consumers perception toward e-banking. Banker should understand the need of customer so that they can improve the insufficient of the services. Banker should find out the way to attract more customers to utilize their services.In line with global trends, most customers are not focusing on this internet application. So, we need to solve this problem regarding the importance o f the e-banking among customer in the local area. Customer should learn to use internet banking which can bring conveniences without going to the bank. Then customers will obtain satisfaction with the system when it provides them maximum convenience while bank transaction is occurred. The convenience of internet banking is contributing to changing patterns in cash withdrawal and day to day money management and assisting people gain greater control of their finances (Beer, 2006).On the other hand, there are few factors that lead to this problem occurrence. Firstly, not many people start to use e-banking because they still not trust on the system through internet. They will worry and always have a doubt about whether their money is safe. In addition there are few cases of fraud have been reported in online banking. The hacker wills forgery information by entering person information without the owner knowing and takes out his/her money.Secondly, there are lacks of social contact becaus e internet banking dont have any assistance will be served to customer. It will create difficulty to the customer since in the bank there will be banker which will helps and assists customer needs. They will easily give up since there are many lack of skill problems occurred when utilizing the systems. Besides that, it is difficult to do survey since there are a lot of public are faced limitation of time, because it may take times to explain to the public.Research objectiveTo identify what influence consumers perception toward e-bankingTo determine the factors that affecting consumer perception toward e-bankingTo find out how service quality influences internet banking userTo identify the reason why customer use internet bankingTo solve the problem customer face toward internet bankingTo increase the knowledge of customer toward internet bankingTo improve the insufficient of the internet banking servicesTo enhance the loyalty and trust between consumer and e-bankingSignificance of s tudyThis research is contributed to give customers to better understand about e-banking. There are many features and characteristics of the e-banking that many people still no realize about it. Through this research, we will interview a numeral of people and will explain about internet banking to give consumer to better understand the services that already provided to help them to ease their life. For example, CIMB offers CIMB Bank AirAsia Savers Account, a paperless account which customer will directly enjoy the convenience of viewing their account statement online without require a passbook (AirAsia Berhad, 2007-2010). Such a good service provided by bank, customer wont know about it if they no utilize internet banking.This study has combined varieties of factors from past research to study consumers perception toward e-banking. Both practitioners and academics can obtain the advantages by to better understand the consumers perception in the value of internet banking services. Fur thermore, they can also identify the deficiency of the service in e-banking through this research so that the service would be improved to match customers requirement. Hence, customer can properly understand and adapt the problem that they face as necessary.In Malaysia, Maybank has become the first bank to introduce internet banking services (Maybank2u.com) and an combined web-based cash management portal on June 1, 2000. The online banking services will allow customer to perform bill payment, banking enquiry functions, funds transfer, credit card payment and accounts summary as well as transaction history (Suganthi, Balachandher and Balachandran, 2001). However, the influence of consumers acceptance e-banking in Malaysia seems more challenging because of the deficiency of information and academic in e-banking.Scope of studyThe scope of study is only concentrate about consumer area and perception toward e-banking. In this study, the research will be focus on MMU student, CIMB bankin g users and businessman that will regularly using banking service. The reason that we choose MMU student is because MMU student will often using online banking systems to pay tuition fees, transfer fund to their friends, check for their transaction account anywhere anytime. Apart from this they can teach their parent to use these services since it is very convenience and saving time, especially to those parent that very busy with their work. Besides that, we also focus on CIMB bank users which they can provide some information through interviews or questionnaires. Then, we will determine how depth the respondents understand about internet banking and what their comment regarding e-banking. Through this research we will resolve the inadequate and insufficient of service of internet banking.In addition to this, for sure business man they want to utilize something that very fast, time-saving, and can assist to their business. They can conduct most of their business on the internet and make transactions between their businesses without going to the bank. It can guarantee service quality for users conducting business transactions while utilizing IT applications and infrastructure. Through this research we can ask for some suggestion or any dissatisfied regarding internet banking from different view of business man, CIMB bank users and MMU student.Limitation of the studyThe extension of this study include there are large amounts of people still dont have the internet connection in their home and some dont know how to use e-banking services which will result in lack of internet banking users. There is a need for public knowledge to deal with computers and browsers since there are a lot of public still unable to use the internet applications. Besides that, it will lead to the difficulty of development of e-banking in the country. Customer may prefer visiting the bank branch because there are lacks of social contact regarding e-banking will creates difficulty to the cu stomer since in the bank there will be banker which will helps and assists customer needs. Then it may take some time to learn and get to use to internet banking, as it requires a lot of procedures. If banks server down, customer may not access to the website.Secondly, the limitation that I faced is the difficulty of communication with the respondents when interviewing and collecting data for my research. Some of the people will resist for doing the research survey because they thought I wanted to promote or sell something. The thing that I frequently faced is meeting people who reject to answer any question before I start to talk about my research purpose.Organization of researchIn chapter 1, the main title is introduction which is a beginning section that states the internet banking among difference countries. Background of study explaining what about of a particular topic is placed. Problem statement is focus on the attention of the problem solving team. Research objective is wri ting about the purpose of this research. In significant of study, I will shift from the particular to the general, and present the importance of the study from target beneficiaries to the people in the community, to the people in the region and nation. Scope of study is focus on the coverage of areas in this research such as student and businessman. The limitation of study is about the restriction that I facing during doing this research.In addition, Chapter 2 is literature reviews. In this chapter reviews and introduces the previous journals related age, income, education, gender, convenience, perceived ease of use, reliability, saving time and cost, service or service quality and trust. I will focus on how these independent variables influence consumers adoption of internet banking. There will be an overview of some journals about consumers adoption toward e-banking will be presented which will used to examine the relationship between independent and dependent variables.In Chapter 3 it is about research methodology that including theoretical framework, hypothesis of study, data collection and data analysis. In Theoretical framework, I will suggest the integrative interrelationships among important variables in the research which is includes age, income, education, gender, convenience, perceived ease of use, reliability, saving time and cost, service or service quality and trust. There are four method are used in data analysis, which are frequency distribution, Pearsons correlation coefficient, cross tabulation and descriptive analysis.Chapter 2 Literature ReviewIntroductionIn this chapter 2, I review many journals about this topic in the various area of e-banking. In the 2.2 those journals are investigating about demographic affects the consumers adoption toward e-banking. In the 2.3, those journals are investigating the factors that influence the consumers adoption toward e-banking. In the 2.4, those journals are investigating about the service or service q uality which will influence consumers adoption. In the 2.5, those journals are investigating about influence of trust toward consumers adoption.DemographicAccording to Kim,Widdows and Yilmazer (2005), age were influencing the attitude of consumers towards internet banking and their ability for learning how to do investment. The younger age groups of consumers are more likely to invest the time to learn to utilize internet banking because this group of consumers can generate more advantages through time saving. Besides that, higher income of consumers will have higher value of time than consumers with lower income, so higher income of the consumer can generate more advantages through adoption of internet banking. More educated consumers may involve fewer training in response to technological change if their general skills facilitate them to be taught the new technology (Bartel and Sicherman, 1998). They also indicated that adoption internet banking of well educated individuals is fas ter than less educated individuals due to the internet banking, new technology, and warrantees reduction of the time required for money transactions.In Padachi, Rojid and Seetanah (2007) report examined that the younger generation the more they like to utilize the new technological advancements as they are more prefer to adopt e-banking compared to the older generation. Mean age of internet banking users is 45 and 47 for non-internet banking users. Furthermore, the higher of education and income ladder will lead to the greater the probability of customer adopting internet banking. There are 57% of respondent having an education level in the category post graduate and 33% in the category of undergraduate utilizes the service. There are 48% of people using the internet banking that have the income group of Rs 30000 to 49000, which means the higher income earners are more sensible in utilizing internet.In the Jane, Jeanne and Marianne (2004) report explores the discoveries of demograph ic correlates of technology acceptance have constructed varying results with respect to important relationships to adoption. Men and women show to have dissimilar acceptance rates of specific computer technologies which men will more prefer on adopting technologies application(Gefen and Straub, 1997), but gender appear not to be found to have a direct on adoption of technology in general (Taylor and Todd, 1995 Gefen and Straub, 1997). The research show that the probability of higher income households ($75000 or more) being current users of ABP was 15 points higher than low income households (under $25000) and was more likely to adopt e-banking. However, research examined younger persons are being more likely to adopt which has also linked age and adoption of technologies (Zeithaml and Gilly, 1987 Trocchia and Janda, 2000 Karjaluoto, 2002 Lee, 2002). The research shows that the age of 65 of respondents were less likely to adopt phone banking and PC banking compared to medium and youn gest group. People with married status are more likely to adopt than single males or females because when it comes to bank accounts, married couples may have jointly held accounts. In region variable households living in the northeast were more likely than in the midwest to have adopted or to intend to adopt phone banking or ABP.In the Demographic characteristics of Western Australian users of electronic banking journal published by Catherine, Simone and Katherine (2005) explored that most online banking customers were male while the majority of telephone banking customers were females. Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), 2001 stated that consumers of Western Australia, who are between 18 and 24 years of age, employed, male, have higher levels of education, and higher incomes have been examined to be more likely to use information technology that those are older, unemployed, lower incomes and have lower levels of education. The authors also examined 58.4% of the internet banking users are being in professional, administrative, managerial or para-professional occupations. This is because males in these occupations often utilize technologies such as computers and the internet in the workplace, providing them access to the required hardware and possibly encouraging a preference for online interaction with providers. Filoto, Tanzi and Saita (1997) Jayawardhena and Foley (2000) Thornton and White (2001) Pereira (2002) have found these customers may be on higher incomes due to their more educated and/or highly skilled and therefore they are in occupations that need them to be more practiced at using technology-based service delivery modes. Mitchell (1998) and Tan (1999) stated that education may not be an important aspect for EFTPOS users because transactions are usually performed in retail settings and they involve retail personnel who assist the completion of transactions for consumers. Jayawardhena and Foley (2000), Orenstein (1998) and Thornton and White (200 1) argued that online banking consumers are more likely to have higher than average education and they may frequently be students because of their higher exposure to technologies such as internet and computer. Councils on the Ageing (2002) stated that in some studies have recommended that older consumers may be discouraged from the utilization of electronic banking by issues such as limitation of mobility and visibility.In Jun Wu, 2005 report examined that the products and services people purchase varies during the different stages of their lives. The result of demographic age profile in this research shows that the 21 to 29 age group is dominant. Furthermore, consumers that more educated will have more money available to spend because of better education, and this influences their life-styles. Wilkie (1990) stated that it will influences which type of products they purchase, what kind of stores to purchase them in, and what prices they are willing to pay as people achieve higher ed ucation. Customers with better educated be likely to have better paying occupations than not well educated customers (Schiffman and Kanuk, 2000) because a persons level of education can affect strongly on their ability to create income and their consumer spending potential. Polatoglu and Ekin (2001) explored that high levels of education improve a consumers ability to process more complicated information and make decisions. Income is a famous demographic variable for segmenting markets due to the income levels affect consumer wants and determines their purchasing power (Lamb, 2000). Purchasing power is influenced by inflation, recession, the international valu

Management Information System At Starbucks Management Essay

circumspection Information System At Starbucks c are EssayThis is the age of tuition where e truly day brings countless new innovations and changes. Daily scads of new data comes to managers, which needs to be converted into meaningful cultivation in order to derive conclusions to support telling decision making to hit arrangingal objectives. Today due to its increasing importance cultivation is considered as agate line asset as signifi give the axet as human resource or machinery. It has become life blood for modern organizations.Before the growing of computer schemes it was very difficult for the organizations to collect, conserve, organize and disseminate the large amount of eventful breeding and data. Todays managers are in ameliorate position to acquire needed culture at right time due to the developments and widespread of computer technologies. Due to fast changes in surroundings the discipline needed for the business should be current and available to the r ight persons at right times. So the information provided to decision makers essential be correct, on time, comprehensive, storable and in well presented in order to get optimum results from it. Thats why the dependence of organizations on information technologies is increasing day by day nevertheless information technologies cannot produce results itself it needs to be competently and in effect used to derive optimum results. So the mechanism used to look the availability of needed information to managers in right time and right form is called information musical arrangement. It helps the decision making process by providing relevant information (Stephen B. Harsh, 2005).Purpose of the StudyThis paper examines the application of integrated focussing information organisation and benefits derived by Starbucks on Bank Street near Jubilee rook in London, UK. Particular objectives of this paper are toDocument the information carcass used in Starbucks, Jubilee Palace. get word the uses of information system at all managerial levels of organization.Identify the role of information system in providing the required information.Identify the uses of information system as an effective scape to implement worry policies efficiently.Identify the benefits derived by the organization by effectively using information systems.Understand the issues regarding the implementation of the information system.Recommend what is needed to increase the efficiency of the system.MIS and its Functions with critical valuation of Starbucks, Jubilee PalaceBefore discussing the functions of trouble information system in Starbucks, Jubilee Palace, the understanding of worry information system and its relate concepts are significant to provide strong nates for the study.TechnologyThe term engine room is used to refer the modern machines and tools developed by human beings to support their processes and increase their understanding and control of material environment. Its typograph ical error meaning is study of crafting.Information TechnologyThe tools used to enhance the capabilities of human to collect, organize, preserve and disseminate the valuable information is called information technology. Information technology helps managers to effectively perform their managerial functions to control, administrate and to make effective decisions to achieve organizational objectives. Information technology is not a narrow term it covers all software system and hardware used by organizations to collect, organize, preserve and disseminate the required information to needed persons.The information technologies available at Starbucks, Jubilee Palace to support its smooth discipline to the woods of information are high speed internet facilities, the ne iirk connection of each store on main server located in ships company head office in United differentiates, Nedeucerk tools, hardware for storage of data and they give instruction withal developed multi-storage syst em to conserve their useful data. info Vs InformationMost of the time information and data are considered same things, two words for same meaning, exclusively in fact they are two distinguishable terms for two different things. Data are unanalyzed, raw facts and numbers regarding some event but in contrast information is obtained by analyzing and organizing the data in meaningful form.The types of data available at Starbucks, Jubilee Palace, are customer responses, employees information, product information regarding its sales and development, accounting data and data related to operational matters of business.Information strategyInformation strategy or information technology strategy of the organization determines its requirements for variety of information system applications and development of general systems of organization. Information technology strategy ensures the fulfillment of organizational requirement for information systems (Barnatt, 1994).The information strategy of Starbucks is linked with the overall organizational strategy for success. Starbucks recognizes the significance of information in modern era for the survival of organization so it has developed a strong information system to ensure its competitiveness in the rapidly changing and diverse era.Management Information systemFirst of all the concept of management information system was used by the U.S. Navy in their report to use computers to manage their resources. After that umpteen researchers defined it according to its scope. Bee and Bee, 1999 defines it as system used to collet the data from impertinent and internal sources and transforms it in to meaningful information and disseminates that in right form to managers workings at all three levels of the organization to support the decision making process for better administration and control (Effy Oz, 2008).Functions of management information system with critical evaluation of Starbucks, Jubilee PalaceThe goal of any well integr ated management information system is to produce optimum results from information gathered by performing following basic functions in an organizationProvide Information in various departmentsManagement information system is a mechanism used to transform the data into meaningful information and make it available to all concerned people working in any department or at any level of the organization (Lucey, 1997).At Starbucks different types of information are needed for different departments to take effective decisions for organizational success. To make the information available to any department or any level Starbucks has developed a corporate sack portal. It is shared into two ways of access. One is Store portal that is used by employees working in retail stores to enter and obtain information and the other is first mate portal that is used by employees working in fields and corporate locations. In 2003 this system was implemented and now it has become a primary tool to dissemin ate information at different organizational level. The paper based correspondence has been replaced by this modern mean. This system has helped a lot to employees to access current updates and news about the company, creates and access different analysis reports about the business, made available the training materials and made the research results much comprehensive.Company has developed a well organized Transaction processing system that collects the data and stores it in the multilevel data storage facility of the organization. In following figure TPS shows how data transfer from different layers and store in database.Source (Imran Ali, 2008).The first layer is graphical interface and has clients computers. At this point staff responsible to collect the information enters the data into the dynamic information management system of Starbucks. Then in application layer application servers work on the data and in operate layer it is stored in central database of the company. The u ses of that system made it unaccented for the company to utilize its capabilities. Its working is ensured by three comp acents in first application programs that rebound the boundaries of the transactions and make that information available to the concerned department by controlling operation performed on that data. Then resource manager gives the access to the information to use in different departments and transaction manager is liable to complete the transactions (Imran Ali, 2008).Facilitate decision making at all levels of organizationManagement information system enables the management to perform effectively its functions to organize, co-ordinate and control. It ensures the timely availability of information not only for strategic planning but in like manner to run the day to day operations of the business. Different levels of management need different types of information in different formats. Three levels of organizations management operational, tactical and strategic need different information for their decisions that can be.Operational Information Detailed information on weekly or day to day basis, more internal, diachronic in nature, quantitative, high accuracy and having narrow scope.Tactical information This is level information is gathered from external and internal both types of sources concerning future and current exercise of the organization. It requires information in summarized form like information on sales, products, profits and investments.Strategic information Most of the information required at this level is from external sources like information about the current economic conditions, working of competitors and technological developments. Mostly it is qualitative in nature, for future planning, incomplete, covers wide range, exactness is not important as for other levels and it is very important for the organization.Effective decision making is very much important for the survival of an organization but it is not come-at-able in t he absence of right kind of information. The effectiveness of decisions is depends upon the quality of information on which they based. The needs of information at different levels of management should be catered when conception the management information system of the organization.SharePoint Server by Microsoft Office has increased the capabilities of Starbucks greatly by ensuring the availability of required information at all levels of organization (Dux Raymond Sy, 2008). It has two types of interface one is partner portal is accessible by management working at pourboire levels and middle level of the organization it provides more the general, qualitative nature of information to support the strategic planning and tactic level decisions. It works on Decision support system for middle level management and top management and takes information from transaction process system. The other tool used is Executive support system used by top level management to take strategic level decis ions that have great significance for the organization.Efficient Mean for managing business processesIn order to run the business processes efficiently the primary need is to have quick and correct information, because by only having quick information the more effective decision making can be possible for the business. The information system plays key role in the controlling function of management and by having effective control the efficiency of processes lead increase. Timely information can result in right investments and right investments will result in increased profitability for business. Timely accounts can be prepared by efficient management information system. By using Executive support system top level management can have strict control over all levels of organization.SharePoint Server by Microsoft Office has increased the functional capabilities of Starbucks. Workflow functionality of business documents has enabled the Starbucks to adopt the application of event calenda r method of birth control and request due to that Store employees have obtained a centralized access to the companys key information, web links of different vendors of the company (Dux Raymond Sy, 2008). Through this the efficiency is in any case increased in management of Sales process and inventory control system. Privacy control of the system is also very well as it helps a lot to the company to properly manage and secure the information gathered from employees as well as customers of the company. Advance search options have enabled the organizations employees to search different documents from different libraries at a same time by area of interest, document type and its contents. This increased the efficiency of the system as well. The total information management system has raised the capabilities of Starbucks and moreover effective communication between management and employees has increased the efficiencies of the company processes.AnalysisMajor benefits derived by Starbucks , Jubilee Palace, from information management system.Starbucks is the leading Coffee providing company in the world. They have implemented Microsoft SharePoint Server system to manage their information effectively. It has provided them so many benefits by implementing information management system.Core CompetenciesEvery company that leads on its competitors has some core competencies that give them advantage over their competitors. The information system used by Starbucks has provided it a wee-wee advantage on its competitors and no other coffee retailer has such a dynamic information management system. It has enabled the company to have better and cabalistic understanding of the market by regularly maintaining the customer data and also the understanding of the organization itself.Enhanced picture chain management systemThe reportage system of the company is improved by this information system that has improved the production process. Better information about production process has enhanced the supply chain management capability of the company from sourcing the raw materials to production process and then distribution process at each level improvement are brought by information.Multilevel Storage systemIn order to save and ensure the maximum security of data Starbucks has outsourced the storage facility of data to data warehouse. This has not only saved the costs of Starbucks for preservation of data but also ensures the protection of it in all circumstances.Quick ResponsesNow with highly efficient system of information, Starbucks is in position to react more quickly towards the market changes. It has enabled the company to have more efficient system more reactive to environment. It has also increased its competitiveness.Digital DashboardsA very modern technology that is used by Starbucks to help the strategic level decision making process is digital dashboard. In this Key performance Indicator (KPI) application is used by the top management that provides it information about the key performance of the organization. It shows the performance by showing it on a digital dashboard that shows progress of the organization towards organizational goals (Dux Raymond Sy, 2008).StabilityIt has increased the capacity and store growth by providing effective tools for reporting and monitoring the system by ensuring stability of functions.Employees efficiencyEfficiency of employees is increased greatly due to the availability of easy to use portal and easy access to the required information for the operations.Enhanced tools of privacy and document management has increased the data security and raised the functionality.Overall ObjectivesBy using this system the employees are in position to align the store objectives with overall organizational objectives and can generate more quick reports and do analysis.Challenges to the systemAlthough information technology developments have brought many improvements in the functioning of organization but just im plementation of new technologies do not improve the organizational performance many other factors also contribute towards the overall organizational performance. Starbucks although has implemented a very dynamic information management system but on other hands a kind of insecurity prevails in employees of the store. They have kind of fear to adopt new technologies and modern information management system.At one side if modern system of information management has made the access to information easy on other hand the employment has also been change by this sophisticated system as it requires more skilled and trained staff. The significance of skilled and motivated workers has increased greatly and increased the costs to train the manpower.In order to effectively implement this modern information technology system Starbucks not only needs more investments in physical assets and technologies but it will also have to make investments on managing close relationships with all stakeholders .RecommendationsAfter having a brief analysis of Starbucks, Jubilee Palace system of information management now we are in position to recommend many improvements to the system that can raise its efficiencyThe current management information system is very rigid and dont offer facility to add extra features with rapidly changing environment and technological developments. It should be flexible enough to add more evaluation and data analysis tools in future.It should be supportive to employees knowledge and skills. More training and learning facilities should be provided to employees to become familiar with the modern system.New system is raising a sense of insecurity and a king of fear in employees. It should be taken seriously and motivational workshops should be conducted to reduce these non chummy elements. They should be provided opportunities to communicate with other employees in the organization.The switching process from one application to other applications takes a lot of ti me in current system of Starbucks it should be reduced and also managers should not be overloaded with work.Another big issue with the information system of Starbucks is that it is totally based on web based technologies. If a company claims to have a competent website, it does not mean it actually does have. So the proper physical record system should be there mean in case of inefficiency or breakdown of this system its substitute should be available.Funding should be provided to the project without any disturbance because implementation of information system for such a huge organization needs a lot of resources. Although the profits of Starbucks have been decreased in last two years since 2008 but when it will successfully upgrade the management information system it will reduce its cost greatly as in unbiased its need to have central servers will reduce to half from 52 to 20. This will enable the company to not only save the infrastructural costs but also to reduce many other co mplimentary costs. Like requirement of system managers and system care staff will reduce to half.ConclusionThe information system used by the Starbucks is one of its important resources that provide it a clear advantage on its competitors. Starbucks is spending huge amounts of money on the development of this system and now it is one of its core capabilities. The effective use of information technologies is considered as major determinant of future success of organizations. The effective use of management information system has greatly improved the functional capabilities of the Starbucks and raised the decision making capabilities of organization as well.Adriana Harizanova, (2003), Management Information System, Academic Open lucre Journal, Volume 9Bee, R., Bee, F., (1999). Managing Information and Statistic. Trowbridge Cromwell Press.Barnatt, Chr., (1994). The computers in Business Blueprints, Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.David Boddy,Albert Boonstra,Graham Kennedy, (2005), Managi ng information systems, Prentice Hall, 157-163Dux Raymond Sy, (2008). SharePoint Empowerment Making Document Management and Organizational Collaboration Easier, reading Tree International, WashingtonEffy Oz, (2008), Management Information Systems, strategic uses of information system, 39.House, William C. (1983). Decision Support Systems A Data-Based, Model-Oriented User-Developed Discipline. Petrocelli Books, Inc. New York, NY.Imran Ali, (2008) Starbucks Reduces Costs and Prepares for Growth with Server Upgrade, Customer root word Case Study, Microsoft Corporation, USAJames Edward McClellan, Harold Dorn, (2006), Science and technology in world history, 155.J. Heizer and B. Render, (2008), Case Studies on Productivity Improvement, Starbucks, modified from Operations Management,Lucey, T., (1997). Management Information Systems. London.MAIER R and LEHNER F (2000) Perspectives on knowledge management systemsFtheoretical framework and design of an empirical study. In Proceedings of E CIS 2000, pp 685-693, Vienna, Austria.Mcleod, (2008), Management Information Systems, 10/e, 34-52.Papows, J., (1998). Enterprise.com Market Leadership in Information Age. Nicholas Brealey Publishing, LondonRalph Sanders, (1999), the executive decisionmaking processidentifying problems and assessing outcomes, 46Starbucks, W. (2006). The production of knowledge The challenge of socials science research. Oxford University press, Oxford.Stephen B. Harsh, (2005), MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS, Department of Agricultural Economics, Michigan State University

Time Management: History and Concepts

clock m Management History and ConceptsWARMING UP TO THE innovation OF TIMENow go on and enjoy yourself, dance to your hearts content and win the Princes heart. unless remember, you contract to be back out front the clock strikes twelve at midnight.We totally be familiar with the joints of the Fairy God Mother in the evergreen fairy tale Cinderella. Its these words that believably do us aware-for the runner eon in our lives-of the value of date. We all sympathized with Cinderella when all her splendid gown and other finery turned to rags at the stroke of midnight. Our first acquaintance with the villainous durationBut then, is metre such a villain, who should al rooms be painted in black? We defend heard the saw that says on that horizontal surface are no wounds that time cease non heal. Here of course we pass away the image of a wizened old woman who nonpluss hobbling up to us with a pitcher full of balm and gentle fingers that soothe aside all our pains and sorrows.But thats enough This project was non made to sing the praises of time. in that location is no need of the romance of Cinderella or the sooaffair finger of an old lady when we are talking about time. And do you k now why? Its because we do non scram the time for it.We are going to smack and lowstand time in its many another(prenominal) faces. No, I was not referring to the faces of watches or clocks. I was referring to the many meanings that time has. Oh yes it does You thought that time meant the same to any angiotensin-converting enzyme and only(a). Well think again or whitethornbe you could try to explain the logic behind the followers cases. cipher a out-of-the-way(prenominal)mer who plants a sapling of a tree that would probably take ten to twelve years to reach the stage when it would endure to bear fruit, by then the farmer would in equallihood be under the soil himself.Picture a jailbird in bird counting on the bar of his cell waiting for the seconds, minutes, and hours, eld, weeks, months and years to go by forward he can be free again.Now picture a young equalize madly in know with each other cherishing the few minutes they get to spend with each other every solar twenty-four hours, cursing time because it go so fast when they are together and never the other way round.So what does time mean to you? When was the sustain time that you realized the value of time?The answer is probably the last time you watched one of those Bollywood thrillers in which the hero is driving a car in which a time-bomb has been planted and the hero is asleep of this. But we beness the getting-to-see-it-all audience watch with bated br run throughh as the tiny needle of the timer ticks towards the come in at which the explosion is sure to occur.But that before that, the hero hits the brakes screeches to a halt to avoid hitting that old lady tangleing the road. And when he jumps out to help her cross the road the needle reaches the point and the bomb is exploded. And our hero is safe. Its funny how the hero always escapes without a scratch in these movies. But I expect thats why they list them heroes.Now we are really transgressing arent we? So back to our subject that is Time Management. Do you know what is interesting about the concept of Time? It is suddenly un tamelable.Personally I believe that thither is something very humbling about this concept. Just imagine a man with all his power is just like a helpless babe before time. There it is Time stands tall and strong before man and man remains vulnerable and weak before it. Man, the big strong man who tamed rivers and seas, who reached out to the skies and beyond, who harnessed wind and water and dug up the bowels of the humanity is exclusively a worm before Time.The best he can do to win the battle against time is die is hair and use some anti-wrinkle cream on his face. In fact, the close at hand(predicate) that man has got towards conquering time is those many history books that rescue been penned they are of course chronicles of events that happened long ago and that is certainly not much to boast about.And so now we come to our subject that is time precaution because after all the illustrations unwrapn above, I hope that I require made one point clear, that is that Time cannot be controlled, it can only be managed. And that is what we are going to do. We are going to learn the art of time management. I dont want you to have an air of helplessness. You might begin to feel that if the battle cannot be won, then what is point in assembleting up a struggle? Ah, precisely at that place you are missing out on a very all important(predicate) point. In all the illustrations that I used above, I was referring to man in cosmopolitan and not to one particular Tom, Dick or Harry.So you can see that this aspect of time is applicable to every human being and there is no running away from it. Every person has only twenty four hours in a day and no force on earth can alter that. So in order to get the cutting edge what you have to do is to be able to manage your time in the most effective way possible. And that is what Time management is all about. Its about managing your time effectively and if I may I would like to add the word efficiently too.Now, when we talk about our resources, everyone knows that we are referring to the resources like fogey fuels, forests, mineral wealth, and water bodies and so on. But surprisingly time is never included in this list. When we talk about non-renewable resources, fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and natural gas top the list. But what about time? A point that most great deal tend to forget is that time is the most rich resource that we have, and time once lost, is lost forever. We can think about alternate sources of power for fossil fuels like electricity, fuel cells, solar might and the research goes on. But is there any alternative for time that is lost.Again I stress on the point that time once lost, is lost forever. And hence we have the proverb, time and tide waits for no man.HISTORY OF TIME MANAGEMENTThe idea of time management has been in existence for more than 100 years. Unfortunately, the term time management creates a glum impression of what a person is able to do. Time can incomp permite be managed, nor controlled. We can only manage ourselves and our use of time.History of time management dates back to the 6th century AD with the St. Benedictine Monks who emphasized and promote scheduled activities at all multiplication. The concept of time efficiency was introduced by Scottish Economist Adam Smith who developed an assembly line carcass for factory workers. Benjamin Franklin is considered by many to be the father of modern time management. He mostly emphasized on the effective use of time. Franklin carried some a little black book wherever he went, and within it, he wrote about his thirteen virtues. Each night he would reflect upo n the days activities to judge whether he had lived up to these core values.These values were as followsTemperanceSilenceOrderResolutionFrugalityIndustrySincerityJustice embossmentCleanlinessTranquilityChastityHumilityUNDERSTANDING TIME MANAGEMENTWe all have time to either spend or fuck up and it is our decision what to do with it. But once passed, it is gone forever. Bruce Lee (Zen in the Martial Arts by Joe Hyams)Every individual on earth has the same amount of time 60 seconds in a minute 60 minutes in an hour 1,440 minutes in a day and 525,600 minutes in a year. While a vast majority of mickle confesses faltering to come to grips with it, extremely few can claim to have made the most of it. How is it that they have got it all done? Its because they have managed a way to participate out how to manage their time effectively.Time Management is more than just managing time. It is about compulsive the use of the most valuable and undervalued resource. It is managing oneself in relation to time. It is setting priorities and taking charge of the situation and time utilization. It means changing those habits or activities that cause waste of time. It is being go awaying to adopt habits and methods to make maximum use of time.With good time management clevernesss one is in control of ones time, stress and energy levels. 1 can maintain balance between ones work and personal life. One finds enough flexibility to respond to surprises or new opportunities. It is not how much time one has, plainly rather the way one uses it. The bottom line is how well one manages time.Internationally known authority on time management Dr. Alec Mackenzie in his book The Time Trap argues that the very idea of time management is a misnomer because one really cannot manage time in the way other resources can be managed financial capital, physical capital, human capital, information and time. While each of the first four can be augmented, reduced, transferred or otherwise control led, Time cannot be manipulated.Dr. Mackenzie contends that when it comes to time, one can only manage oneself in relation to it. One cannot control time as one can control other resources one can only control how one uses it. In the world in which we live, time cannot be replaced or re-created. It is therefore not for us to choose whether we spend or return time but to choose only how we spend it.MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT TIMEThere are several misconceptions which we all have about time. They affect everyone including those persons who may be considered quite successful and effective. Here are some of the misconceptions identified by Dr. Mackenzie Time management is simple(a) all it requires is plebeian sense. While it is true that the concept is simple, the self-discipline required to practice effective time management is not easy. Work is best performed under pressure. Psychological studies show this to be no more than an excuse for procrastination. One does not work well under p ressure only does the best one can under the circumstances. Pressure and challenge must not be confused. Laras performance when the West Indies Team is in trouble has more to do with act and determination rather than pressure. I use a diary, a to-do list and have a secretary to keep me nonionised. One has to keep oneself organized no one can do it for others. The trouble with the disorganized person is that he hardly has time to listen to his secretary or meet at his diary. I do not have the time. The effective worker or manager often gets more work done in the earlier hours of the sunup than most laggards get done in the whole day. He then no longer has to work against tight deadlines and under stress which conducts to heart problems and not unusually the ultimate reduction of time on this earth. Time management might be good for some kinds of work but my calling is creative. Time management is not about routine it is about self-discipline. Lack of discipline prevents one f rom being great in property of precisely good.Time management takes away the fun and liberty of spontaneity. Is working under stress, forgetting appointments, making constant excuses and apologies to be fun? Would it not be much more fun if by founder organization one had one or two more hours every day to spend with the family, to bleed games, transform a good book, plan for tomorrow and the day and week after or just relax?WHY IS TIME MANAGEMENT SO IMPORTANT?Time management is a common problem faced by most of us. Oftentimes, when you are swarmed with multiple tasks at once, it becomes extremely difficult to identify which ones you must complete first. Too often, people eat up what is supposed to be their free time to be able to accomplish all pending tasks in time. It takes a considerate amount of skill in order to manage your time properly. If you are one of these people, you are usually able to control your time efficiently that you can even come to an end tasks ahead of time. Lets try to analyze the importance of Time Management in different fields.Time Management in School/College Due to more freedom merited to college learners, it can become quite challenging for new (freshman) students to cope with time management. The liberty to choose your own schedule readily creates a false notion that they can do whatever they want. On the other hand, it reflects ones priorities and how you are able to properly appropriate them into your schedule. With lack of proper time management, a student will have trouble coping up with deadlines set by professors. Most students would tend to slack strike during vacant hours that they end up accomplishing nothing. If a student has prepared his or her own list of work for the day, he or she will be able to properly allocate the time played out for extracurricular activities and assignments.Time Management at Work When it comes to your job, proper usage of your time is more particular. This is because you are paid for the hours of service you render to the firm. Hence, companies will try to ensure that each hour you spend at the mutilateice is utilized effectively for work. Despite of this, employees still seek out ways to have a break. If time is not properly managed, employees could easily eat up more time for their breaks than what is actually spent on actual work. Hence, the company ends up requiring the employee to do overtime work just to finish a project. If the overtime rendered is reflected on your paycheck, then good for you. But if not, then you reap the unpleasant effects of hapless time management.SYMPTOMS OF POOR TIME MANAGEMENTPoor time management shows up by way of one or a combination of classifiable perceptible symptoms. Managers would do well to look for and reflect on whether they are subject to any of those symptoms with a view to take necessary corrective actions.The following are some of the indicators of poor time managementConstant rushing (e.g. between meetings or ta sks)Frequent delays (e.g. in attending meetings, meeting deadlines)Low productivity, energy and motivation (e.g. I cant seem to get worked up about anything)Frustration (e.g. Oh, things just dont move ahead)Impatience (e.g. where the hell is that information Ive asked him for?)Chronic fluctuation between alternatives (e.g. whichever option I choose it is going to assemble me at a big disadvantage. I dont know which way to jump)Difficulty setting and achieving goals (e.g. Im not sure what is expected of me)WHERE DOES ALL THE TIME GO?It is quite surprising when you sit and think about where all the time in one day goes. Twenty four hours is really a dish of time. But on most days it scarcely seems enough. But this is because of certain misconceptions about time. Let us proceed to carefully examine where all that time goes and find out if twenty four hours really is. For that I have listed out certain points which will help you to get a realistic view about how much time you really have in a day.Point 1We do not really get twenty four hours in a day. Maybe its because we always talk about the twenty four hours in a day, we get the feeling that we really do have twenty four hours to finish our daily business and the fact is that we do not. Assuming that you hit the go off at least by twelve in the night and taking for granted the fact that you need at least seven hours of sleep let me fix your waking time at seven in the morning.That means that you have already lost seven hours, which we can deduct from twenty four, crowing us only seventeen waking hours. Waking hours does not mean the hours you take to wakeup but the hours that you are awake. So let us get that not bad(p), we have only 17 hours in a day. Now if you think that all those seventeen hours can be used for productive work, you are wrong again. For this come to the next point.Point 2The seventeen waking hours cannot be used completely for productive work. There are many things that a human being s hould do in order to continue to live like a human being and some of these things do take up a stripe of time. Now the following list that I have drawn up is sure to vary from person to person. But I have taken the times for each action on what I felt to e reasonable times as far as any normal human being is concerned. Taking a shower.Most of us take a shower at least once in a day and the time I think we can put down for that is ten minutes. For those of you cleaner ones who shower twice a day put that as twenty minutes. Answering the promise of natureOh yes, we are all very cultured people who have the best of manners and upbringing. We dress ourselves properly and conduct ourselves with the utmost poise. But there are several times in a day when we have to go back to nature and summing up all those things we do in the bath room I think a good half hour should be enough. Getting ready and tidying ourselvesWhen we move about in society unquestionably we have to look our best an d adding up all the minutes that we spend in front of that mirror, we get another ten minutes. For some people of course, this figure comes up to half an hour. But I think ten minutes is good enough. EatingWe need to eat to live and though I get hold of the fact that people have different eating habits and times, I think that and Im sure doctors will agree with me that a person needs tether meals a day and should take at least ten minutes to ingest a meal and not just gobble it down. So that makes it 30 minutes for food. Time to relaxPlease do not raise an argument now. I promise to deal with this bit later on. But make up now I would like to put down one hour as the time to relax, and this includes the time that you get to yourself for prayer or meditation or just to stare out of your window or perhaps the few extra minutes that you spend in your bed after waking up, waiting for the last traces of sleep to go away. Time with family and friendsPlease we are human beings, arent we ? And we certainly cannot get along with our business of life without chatting a few minutes every now and then with our friends and the family too. So with your permission, I would like to deduct another hour from your waking time.So now what do we have left?We started off with 17 hours of waking time. And we proceed to add up all the time that we accounted for in the above mentioned points let us see how much time we have left for productive work provided we still want to exist as human beings.The activities mentioned above would take when put together a good three hours and twenty minutes. That is 3 hours and 20 minutes. I put it down in both numerals and words so that you can get a real mouthful of the figure. Now if we proceed to subtract this figure from our 17 hours of waking time, what do we get? We are left with just thirteen hours xl minutes. In figures that is 13 hours 40 minutes. And that is a fact. That is all that we get. So from now on dont you think that it would b e more realistic to say that we have just thirteen hours and forty minutes to accomplish a days work and not twenty-four hours. For if we continue to believe that we have twenty four hours, and then we are in effect deceiving ourselves. But wait there is more to this story than meets the eye. These crucial hours that we have painstakingly added up are not really put to reconstructive use. There are certain things called time waster which you have to look out for and that is what we are going to deal within our next chapter.Time Killers process now, we have been harping about how valuable time is and how time lost is time lost forever and so on. But now we come to a contradictory concept and that is Time Killers. The very word sound like sacrilege doesnt it? How can one talk about killing such a valuable resource. But thats the way the story goes. Thee are a attractor of time killers in this world and what you have to do is that you have to identify these time killers, look out fo r them and stay wary of tem. Only then can you put your available time to the maximum possible use.The time killers that I have listed downstairs are more or less general. They are things that most of us encounter. But apart from these, each one of us may have laughable time killers that are particular to our style of living and way of work. Be smart and identify these killers. When I talk about killers, do not get the impression of masked men lurking in shadows brandishing guns and knives. The killers that I am referring to are quite ordinary every day things that we see and use in our lives but often do not realize how much of our time they take away.Seven terrible Time KillersTelephone callsChatter boxesTraffic jamsFinding park spacesMeetingsBad machineryLong queuesThe list could of course go on. But before we keep adding to the list, I would like to elaborate on certain of the items listed above.How to handle Time Killers The funny thing about ring calls is that these instrum ents are indeed great time savers. In fact the amount of time that people get to save thanks to telephones is stupendous. The problem arises when telephones are not used properly. Most people do not understand and even if they do they forget that telephones are not to be used for lengthy conversations. For one thing, another person may be trying to reach you and there is nothing as exasperating as trying to reach a person over the telephone and being confronted with a busy tone. So the first thing about a telephone conversation is that it should be brief.Another thing about telephones is that most people do not know how to use a telephone properly. In stead of immediately identifying themselves and asking directly for the person they want, some people go on playing a lot of who is speaking games once they make a call or answer the telephone.Now coming to mobile phones there is a lot to be said and done. What should be done is turn off your cell phone when you are having a conversati on or a discussion with more than one person. As soon as you get a call, you may ask the people you were talking to excuse yourself but you leave them waiting while you chuckle and giggle over your phone. Often we tend to pull in ore importance to the caller than to the person we were having the discussion with. Again the same rule applies here. Be brief. A mobile phone is to be used to get an important message across to a person who you were not able to reach on the land line.* The next point is about those chatter boxes. Havent we all met them? They simply love the sound of their own voices and once they open their mouths, there is no stopping them. They waste not only your time but their time as well. Steer clear of such people. Believe me, it is much easier to avoid such people than to tell them to shut up and if you get a telephone call from such a person, use a caller ID facility or ask your secretary to divert the call. Traffic jams and finding parking spaces. Any one who ha s lived in the city for at least a day will know what I am talking about. There is no getting then(prenominal) a traffic jam at the rush hour. And will someone tell me whit is called the rush hour when that is the time when the traffic is the slowest.The only thing you can do is anticipate the traffic jam and leave your home a half hour or one hour early. But that does not really keep the time killer at bay. It just helps you to avoid being late. In this respect you have two options. Either you could find something constructive to do while you wait for the traffic to move along or the traffic light to change or a correct option would be to take subway and walk the rest of the way. You can get a long a lot faster on your feet and it is a lot better for your health as well. By doing so, you can also get rid of the headache of finding a parking space. Not surprisingly lengthy meetings and discussions can prove to be awful time killers particularly if the meeting does not have a clear agenda and if there are people who love top talk among the group. It has been found that most middle and senior level mangers spend nearly 70% of their work time talking. And in most organizations, parleying has been made into a fine art.* Bad machinery is a time waster. How many of us have wanted to sit and scream and bang the daylights out of a pc that does not give us the required data or information. A computer that takes a long time to start up, a photocopier that gives shamefully light-headed photocopies, even a leaky faucet or a stubborn drawer or door knob can waste a lot of time and send us up the wall. If you have such equipment or machinery, get it changed at the earliest possible date. It is worth(predicate) the amount of time and energy that you waste on it every day.* Long queues certainly waste a lot of time. That does not mean that you have to jump the queue. If you can get the job done over the telephone or can reserve your ticket in advance, do it, even if it me ans a few extra dollars, it is worth the time you may have to spend waiting.Apart from these each person may have particular time wasters, like for instance, a car that refuses to start in the morning, difficult hair that insists on looking like Medusas head on a bad snake day, an elevator that takes forever to reach your floor. occasion your common sense and try to find alternate methods or even better, if you cannot find an alternate method, you could put the time to some use like read your morning paper in the elevator.You will get a better idea of how to get over time killers once we handle the section called the time savers.Lining Up Your Ducks PrioritizeLining up your ducks is a familiar and charming phrase. It derives from the tendency of baby ducklings to swim in a perfectly straight line behind their mother. If the ducklings begin to stray too far, the mother duck will invariably shepherd them back into linethus, getting her ducks in a row.The application of this phrase to time management is clear. If you deal with things in a logical, orderly sequence, youre sure to bring efficiency and results to your efforts. When your ducks begin to stray too far afield, danger is lurkingfor them and for you.Lets face it. 24 hours in a day is not enough time for many people to do everything in their schedule. It is therefore despotic that people perform their activities in the order of priority. Time management experts like Stephen Covey S R (The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People Simon Schuster) have developed a model called a time management matrix.This model enables managers to prioritize their activities and use their time more effectively. With the help of the model, they can evaluate their activities in terms of importance and urgency.The art of prioritizing covers 4 major task groupsImportant and pressingNot Important but imperativeNot Urgent but ImportantNot Important and Not UrgentTIME MANAGEMENT MATRIXImportant and Urgent quadrant 1 represents t hings which are both imperative and important labeled firefighting. The activities need to be dealt with immediately, and they are important.These tasks are the ones that must be done right away, or consequences may result. An example would be bills that are due today. If you dont pay your bills on time, you would incur additional charges or they might cut off their services to you. Activities belonging to this category need to be acted upon without delay. You should give them the highest priority.Important but Not UrgentQuadrant 2 represents things which are important, but not urgent labelled Quality Time. Although the activities here are important, and contribute to achieving the goals and priorities they do not have to be done right now. As a result, they can be scheduled when they can be given fibre thought to them.A good example would be the preparation of an important talk, or mentoring a key individual. Prayer time, family time and personal relaxation/ diversionary attac k are also part of Quadrant 2.Urgent but Not ImportantQuadrant 3 represents distractions. They must be dealt with right now, but frankly, are not important. For example, when a person answers an unwanted phone call, he/she has had to interrupt whatever he/she is doing to answer it.Not Important and Not UrgentQuadrant 4 represents Time Wasting. You might think activities in this section are not worth peoples time, so they wont engage in these activities much. You would be affect to know that people spend most of their time doing things that are both unimportant and non-urgent, such as watching TV and movies, playing video games, indiscernible chatting for hours on the phone, shopping for new clothes, etc.Of course, it is essential for people to relax and unwind once in a while.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy, as they say. But you should be strict in limiting your time for these activities that is, if you really want to accomplish a lot in your life.Treat activities belo nging to this section with the lowest priority. If you really want to succeed, strictly limit your time in doing these activities or dont do them at all. centre on those that will bring you fruitful results.Numbered anteriority TacticHeres one of the most powerful techniques that you can use to manage your time efficiently the Numbered Priority Tactic.Buy a very small notebook computer that you can put in your pocket. You should be able to bring it anywhere you go. At the front varlet of the notebook, put the title Important and Urgent. At the back page, put the title Important but Not Urgent.If an idea or event you encounter is Urgent but Not Important, then forget it. You want to utilize your time well, wont you? If you think its significant in some way, then you may put it under Important and Urgent. Ignore Not Important and Not Urgent tasks.Every time something comes up during your daily work or on your mind, put it in the appropriate page of your little notebook. So lets say your boss told you to submit a report due tomorrow. Write it down on your notebook under Important and Urgent. Then your friend told you that theres a big 2-day sale at the downtown furniture store. You may put it under Important and Urgent if you simply must have that furniture youre drooling for months. But if you think your house would do fine without it, then dont write it anymore. As youre walking down the passage you suddenly thought of a great new idea for your part-time business. You may put it under Important but Not Urgent.As the day goes on, write down each and every idea, thought, or event that comes to your mind. As the list increases in each category, examine each of them carefully and start be each item in the order of priority with 1 being the highest priority. take up working on Number 1, and never go to Number 2 until youre done with Number 1 for each category. If distractions come about, you may take care of them first but always come back to your numbered li st when youre done.Because priorities may change, you may switch or change the numbers of the items in the list. You may also transfer one item from Important and Urgent to Important but Not Urgent, and vice-versa. When you do any changes, make sure your notebook stays clean. Transfer your writings to a new page when you see that its getting untidy. Start off with a new page every day.This method can enable you to achieve more in one week than what most people can accomplish in a month. The important thing you must do is to buy that little notebook and to start doing this super tactic right now Time is running fast.

One Of The Hardest Things I had To Do - Original Writing :: Papers

One Of The Hardest Things I had To Do - Original Writing As we drove from the peaceful, secluded surroundings of Hertfordshire into the bustling hub of Heathrows Terminal 4, it suddenly dawned on me how hard it would be for me to carry disclose this feat It was the time I was most looking forward to. We had finally been allowed out of the school render into our eight weeks of freedom. No work had to be handed in the next day, no teachers would moan how over worked, under paid they were and most of all it was non the winter. After careful deliberation my family and I decided to spend our two-week vacation in the all night city of Paris. We were looking forward to the 35oC weather, the theme park built inside the over developed hotels and one of the greatest wonders of the world, the Eiffel tower. The hotel we wanted to stay at was called the Jolly Hotel Lotti. This hotel was like no other hotel I had incessantly seen. Not only did it have its own bui lt in theme park with log flumes, roller coasters and any other ride imaginable still it also had twenty to thirty shops and restaurants all inside. To put it mildly, it was huge On the 21st August, about a week before we left, we received a earn from the hotels theme park. It told us that for one day only, they would be offering a free ride on the Screamer, for anyone who raised more than 150 in sponsorship. besides when I watched the enclosed video in astonishment, did I realize what this ride was. It was something I had always wanted to do, but had never managed to convince my parents that it was safe. I found out that it was the first bungee jump that allowed anyone over the age of nine to fly through the air at an exhilarating 80 mph at a g-force of 2.5, so you could understand what my parents reaction would be to my interest.

The Simple Pleasures of Life Bring Happiness Essay -- Happiness Essays

I am determined to be cheerful and happy in whatever situation I may find myself. For I have learned that the greater part of our misery or un gratification is determined not by our circumstance but by our disposition. -- Martha Washington happiness is not something ready made. It comes from your own actions. -- Dalai Lama An emotion is an intense feeling. cheer is one of the many emotions humans experience. It may perhaps be the most flushtful feeling a person can have and it is the one feeling everyone strives to achieve, yet strangely, for the most part, people seem to only get a coup doeil of it. Pleasurable satisfaction, a state of public assistance and contentment are the more outstanding elements of happiness. Happiness, known more formally as felicity, is good. A state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy and can be applied to almost every kind of enjoyment. It can be defined and characterized in some(prenominal) ways- met aphorically, by lifes everyday pleasures, and by the behaviors and accomplishments of a happy person. This emotion can be metaphorically compared with expressions such as, the sun shining by means of the rain and the silver lining behind the dark cloud. These expressions capture the optimistic outlook of happiness, they symbolize hope of a bigger, better and brighter future even in the midst of what could be termed as the darkest hour. Happiness is the essence of life, the wind gently blowing flowers in the open field, the puppies frolicking in a pile of leaves, and is reflected in the merriment of men. It is exciting, playful, full of good cheer and lighthearted and signifies life. It brings the smiles to the faces of children one to ninety-nine. Happiness i... ...e way. Apart from success, good health and longevity are associated with happiness. The lightheartedness that accompanies happiness has been verbalise to lower the chance of strokes and heart attacks. Laughter rele ases tension and add to persons overall sense of well-being. Happiness is not death, or sorrow. It is not gloom, depression or heavy-heartedness. Happiness does not lament nor does it worry. It is neither moody nor pensive, neither wanton nor pessimistic. Happiness does not mourn for what was it instead rejoices in what will be. Happiness comes through good fortune and through loving and being loved. Eating a good meal, being in good health and enjoying the comforts of life can likewise achieve it. The simple pleasures of life bring happiness, whether it be enjoying a favorite dessert, smelling a rose or running in the rain.O happiness our beings end and aim